What is the best way to add CSS classes to a different component in AngularDart?

Imagine a straightforward framework for displaying popups:

@Component(
  selector: 'popup-host',
  template: '''
      <div class="popup-container">
        <ng-template #popupRef></ng-template>
      </div>
  ''',
  styles: ['.popup-container { position: absolute; top: 100; left: 100; z-index: 100; }'],
)
class PopupContainerComponent {
  final PopupController _controller;
  final ComponentLoader _loader;

  PopupContainerComponent(this._controller, this._loader);

  void ngOnInit() {
    _controller.container = this;
  }

  @ViewChild('popupRef', read: ComponentRef)
  ComponentRef popupRef;

  void render(PopupConfig config) {
    final componentRef = _loader.loadNextTo(config.factory, popupRef);
    if (componentRef.instance is HasValueSetter) {
      componentRef.instance.value = config.value;
    }
  }
}

@Injectable()
class PopupController {
  PopupContainerComponent _container;
  set container(PopupContainerComponent container) => _container = container;

  void showPopup(PopupConfig config) {
    container.render(config);
  }
  ...
}

class PopupConfig {
  final ComponentFactory factory;
  final dynamic value;
  PopupConfig(this.factory, [this.value]);
}

abstract class HasValueSetter {
  set value(dynamic value);
}

You can utilize this feature as follows:

// Located in the main template
<popup-host></popup-host>

// Inside popup.dart
@Component(
  selector: 'happy-popup',
  template: '''
      <div class="header">This is the content of the popup.</div>
      <div class="main">The value displayed is {{value}}.</div>
      <div class="footer">I am feeling happy!</div>
  ''',
)
class HappyPopupComponent implements HasValueSetter {
  @override
  dynamic value;
}

// In some_other.dart
@Component(
  ...
  styles: [
    '.header { font-weight: bold }',
    '.main { color: red }',
    '.footer { color: green; font-style: italic }',
  ],
  ...
)
class SomeOtherComponent {
  final PopupController _popupController;
  ...
  SomeOtherComponent(this._popupController, ...) ...;

  void displayPopup() {
    _popupController.showPopup(HappyPopupComponentNgFactory, 42);
  }
}
...

Is there a method to pass styles from <some-other-component> to <happy-popup> without having to define them at the root level of the application?

Answer №1

To enhance your code organization, consider breaking down your component's code into separate files - or even a separate CSS file specifically.

Instead of directly inputting the styles within the component's styles property, opt to import an external CSS file using the styleUrls attribute. This approach allows you to easily share style sheets among various components by linking them through this method.

@Component(
      styleUrls: ['./hero1.css', './folder/hero2.css'],
)

Remember that the URLs specified in styleUrls are relative to the specific component.

An added advantage of utilizing styleUrls for importing CSS is the ability to include imports within the CSS file itself.

hero1.css

@import './folder/hero2.css';

Just so you know: It is widely accepted to segregate your components' code into independent files.

  • hero.dart
  • hero.css
  • hero.html

Then, reference these files accordingly in your Dart file:

@Component(
      templateUrl: './hero.html',
      styleUrls: ['./hero.css'],
)

For more information on this topic, you can check out AngularDart - Component Styles.

Answer №2

Since your popup is not a direct child of the component that triggered it, using ::ng-deep is not an option.

I believe the only solution would be to eliminate view encapsulation from the host element, the popup, and the component responsible for opening the popup (you can start by trying just with the popup and the opening component, and if necessary, also remove encapsulation from the host element.)

@Component(
  selector: 'happy-popup',
  template: '''
      <div class="header">This is the content of the popup.</div>
      <div class="main">The value is {{value}}.</div>
      <div class="footer">I am feeling happy!</div>
  ''',
  encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None // <=== no encapsulation at all
)
class HappyPopupComponent implements HasValueSetter {

Answer №3

If you want to enhance your code, consider integrating SCSS

Start by organizing the SCSS file that you wish to use across your application

For instance:

In style1.scss

.header { font-weight: bold }

Then in style2.scss

@import "style1"

Alternatively, you can consolidate a list of SCSS files within your component code by defining them in an array

styleUrls: ['./style1.scss', './style2.scss'],
  • Note: Make sure to adjust the paths according to your file structure and remember that this method only works with SCSS, not CSS

This is how you manually configure SCSS support for Angular CLI

In angular.json, add:

"projects": {
        "app": {
            "root": "",
            "sourceRoot": "src",
            "projectType": "application",
            "prefix": "app",
            "schematics": { // include this configuration
                "@schematics/angular:component": {
                    "style": "scss"
                }
            },

Answer №4

If you want to customize the styling of a component, you can pass a prop value that represents a custom class and include it in your component's HTML. Then, in your SCSS file, you can add additional CSS overrides for that specific class. This way, each custom component can have its own unique CSS code.

Additionally, I recommend importing the SCSS file like so:

@Component(
      styleUrls: ['./hero1.css'],
)

Separating CSS from JS is a good practice as it allows for longer and more complex CSS code, accommodating all styling scenarios.

Answer №5

Aside from the methods already discussed, I have two additional suggestions to consider:

  1. Because Angular scopes CSS to components and it is preferable to maintain this structure, you can cross component boundaries by identifying the scope Angular has assigned and manually adding scoped CSS to a global <style> tag on the page:

    @ViewChild('popupRef') popupRef; ngAfterViewInit() { this.popupRef.nativeElement.attributes[0].name // This will contain a value similar to _ngcontent-tro-c1, which should be used to appropriately scope all custom CSS. }

One potential downside of this method is that Angular handles CSS management internally, thus requiring the use of plain JS for manual adjustments. (Here's an example.)

  1. You could also define the CSS within @Component before instantiation by leveraging a custom decorator factory as shown in this answer.

From my perspective, the second option appears to be a less convoluted approach.

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