What is the best way to explain the generic parameters of a map that has a key based on a property of the value it contains

Is there a way to define the parameters for a Map in such a manner that each key is linked to a value containing the key as a specific property's value? To clarify, consider this example:

const example = {
  'a': {
    specialKey: 'a',
    aField: 'specific thing to a'
  },
  'b': {
    specialKey: 'b',
    bField: 'specific thing to b'
  }
}

In the provided example, I aim to specify that for the key a, the value of specialKey should be a.

Answer №1

An effective way to establish a key-value type relationship similar to what you've described in your inquiry is by implementing an identity function.

TS Playground link

function validMap <T extends {
  [K in keyof T]: K extends string ? { specialKey: K } : never;
}> (value: T): T {
  return value;
}

const map1 = validMap({
  a: {
    specialKey: 'a',
  },
  b: {
    specialKey: 'b',
    stringProp: 'foo',
    numberProp: 42,
  },
});

const map2 = validMap({
  a: {
    specialKey: 'a',
  },
  b: {
    specialKey: 'c',
//  ^^^^^^^^^^
// Type '"c"' is not assignable to type '"b"'.(2322)
    stringProp: 'foo',
    numberProp: 42,
  },
});

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