What is the best way to type a function that returns an array of values from an array of objects?

I am currently working on creating a function that will return an array of values from a generic object array, specifically designed for retrieving all column values from a table.

class DataSource<T> {
  
  constructor(private data: T[]) {}

  public getColumnValues(column: keyof T): any[] { // this is the thing I don't know how to type!
    return data.map(entry => entry[key]);
  }
}

The main objective here is to establish a generic signature that accurately reflects the expected return value. For instance, getColumnValues('someDate') should yield Date[], while getColumnValues('someString') should result in string[].

Despite my efforts to find an answer, it seems like I may not have articulated my question effectively...

Answer №1

Transform getColumnValues into a versatile function to determine the type based on the specific property rather than just any property of T. The function will generate an array containing the values associated with that key. Here, K represents the key, T[K] denotes the value, and T[K][] signifies the array of values.

class DataRepository<T> {
  
  constructor(private data: T[]) {}

  public getColumnValues<K extends keyof T>(column: K): T[K][] {
    return this.data.map(entry => entry[column]);
  }
}

By utilizing Typescript, K is automatically deduced when the function is invoked, ensuring the correct type is returned.

const myRepo = new DataRepository([{id: 1, name: "Alice"}, {id: 2, name: "Bob"}]);

const names = myRepo.getColumnValues('name'); // type specified as string[]

const ids = myRepo.getColumnValues('id'); // type set as number[]

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