What is the definition of an interface when it comes to having certain guaranteed characteristics?

My current task involves interacting with an API that provides a list of images structured as follows:

{
  "photos": {
    "1": "PHOTOS/1.jpg",
    "3": "PHOTOS/3.jpg",
    "4": "PHOTOS/4.jpg",
    "primary": "PHOTOS/X/PRI.jpg"
  },
  "sketches": {
    "1": "SKETCHES/X/1.jpg",
    "3": "SKETCHES/X/3.jpg",
    "4": "SKETCHES/X/4.jpg"
  }
}

The key requirement is that the photos.primary field always exists, other properties under photos are numerical IDs, and each ID in photos corresponds to an ID in sketches. These IDs may not be consecutive.

I want to create an interface named something like ImageIndex which recognizes that photos.primary is mandatory while also allowing for any other field. Though I could simply specify any for photos and sketches, defining the presence of primary can enhance intellisense functionality.

I attempted using an Intersection type as shown below:

export interface PropertyImageIndex {
  photos: ContainsPrimary&any;
  sketches: any;
}

interface ContainsPrimary {
  primary: string;
}

However, when viewing intellisense suggestions in VSCode, there are none. This suggests that any takes precedence over the specific PropertyImageIndex type defined for photos, resulting in the loss of all suggestions.

Is there a method in typescript to inform it that "this object includes AT LEAST these fields, but can also have any other fields I may request" in order to display guaranteed fields as intellisense recommendations?

Answer №1

If I have correctly understood your query:

interface Images {
    main: string;
    [label: string]: string;
}

interface PictureIndex {
    images: Images;
    drawings?: { [label: string]: string };
}

let x: Images = {}; // issue
let y: Images = { main: "" };
let z: Images = { main: "", x: 3 }; // problem
let w: Images = { main: "", x: "" };

let m: PictureIndex = { images: { main: "" } };
let n: PictureIndex = { images: { main: "" }, drawings: {} };
let o: PictureIndex = { images: { main: "" }, drawings: { keyword: "" } };
let p: PictureIndex = { images: { main: "" }, drawings: { keyword: 4 } }; // concern

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