Why does Angular CLI create "spec.ts" files?

My current go-to tool for generating and serving projects is Angular CLI. So far, it's been pretty smooth sailing – although I've noticed that for my smaller learning projects, it tends to create more than what I actually need. But hey, that's all part of the learning process.

One interesting thing I've picked up on is that Angular CLI generates a spec.ts file for each Angular element in a project (like Components, Services, Pipes, etc). I've done some digging but haven't come across a clear explanation of the purpose of these files.

Could these be build files that are normally hidden when using tsc? I started wondering about this when I wanted to rename a poorly named Component I had made only to find that the name was also referenced within these spec.ts files.


import {
  beforeEach,
  beforeEachProviders,
  describe,
  expect,
  it,
  inject,
} from '@angular/core/testing';
import { ComponentFixture, TestComponentBuilder } from '@angular/compiler/testing';
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { PovLevelComponent } from './pov-level.component';

describe('Component: PovLevel', () => {
  let builder: TestComponentBuilder;

  beforeEachProviders(() => [PovLevelComponent]);
  beforeEach(inject([TestComponentBuilder], function (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) {
    builder = tcb;
  }));

  it('should inject the component', inject([PovLevelComponent],
      (component: PovLevelComponent) => {
    expect(component).toBeTruthy();
  }));

  it('should create the component', inject([], () => {
    return builder.createAsync(PovLevelComponentTestController)
      .then((fixture: ComponentFixture<any>) => {
        let query = fixture.debugElement.query(By.directive(PovLevelComponent));
        expect(query).toBeTruthy();
        expect(query.componentInstance).toBeTruthy();
      });
  }));
});

@Component({
  selector: 'test',
  template: `
    <app-pov-level></app-pov-level>
  `,
  directives: [PovLevelComponent]
})
class PovLevelComponentTestController {
}

Answer №1

Angular applications follow the convention of having a .spec.ts file for each .ts source file, which serve as unit tests using the Jasmine framework and Karma test runner.

To learn more about testing in Angular, you can refer to this link: https://angular.io/guide/testing

Answer №2

When creating a new Angular project using the "ng new" command, you have the option to skip generating spec.ts files by adding the --skip-tests flag.

Example: ng new ng-app-name --skip-tests

Answer №3

The .spec.ts files are specifically designed for conducting unit tests on individual components within an application. To execute these tests, you can utilize the Karma task runner by running ng test. For a comprehensive view of the code coverage pertaining to the unit test cases of specific components, simply run ng test --code-coverage

Answer №4

.spec.ts files are essential for carrying out unit tests on your application.

To avoid generating them, simply add the flag --spec=false when creating a new Component. Here's an example:

ng generate component --spec=false myNewComponent

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