Creating a generic array type in TypeScript that includes objects with every key of a specified interface

I am working with an interface called Item

interface Item {
  location: string;
  description: string;
}

Additionally, I have a generic Field interface

interface Field<T extends object> {
  name: keyof T;
  label: string;
}

I want to create an

Array<Every<T extends object>>
that will ensure the array contains at least one instance of every Field<Item> within the Item interface

For example:

Error:

const fields: Every<Field<Item>[]> = [{ name: 'description', label: 'Description' }]; //Error: missing Field of "location" instance

Correct:

const fields: Every<Field<Item>[]> = [
  { name: 'description', label: 'Description' },
  { name: 'location', label: 'location' },
];

View Workaround

Answer №1

Unfortunately, TypeScript does not offer native support for representing exhaustive arrays like the one described. While you could attempt to create a type that encompasses all possible tuples meeting your criteria, this approach may not be ideal for larger unions and can become unwieldy even for smaller scenarios involving duplicate entries.

If you are determined to pursue this path, one potential solution involves crafting a utility function capable of inferring field names from an array and utilizing conditional types to trigger a compiler error if any fields fall outside the scope of your defined keys. The complexity and fragility of this method aside, here is a sample implementation:

// Code snippet goes here

The above function leverages type parameters to ensure proper validation when passing arguments. By meticulously checking the inclusion of field names relative to the target object's keys, it grants insight into any overlooked elements through detailed error messages.

To test its effectiveness, we have provided a few illustrative examples showcasing how missing or redundant fields result in compile-time errors. This process confirms the functionality while highlighting any inconsistencies upfront.


A brief overview of the underlying mechanism reveals that the generic returned function hinges on enforcing a key constraint matching the base object's properties. Through a combination of tuple intersection and conditional logic, it validates the presence of all expected fields against the full set of key-value pairs.

In essence, the implementation scrutinizes every element within the specified array to verify compliance with the declared object structure. Although technically functional, adopting an alternative data format such as objects might streamline the validation process and enhance code clarity significantly.

Ultimately, while this method serves a specific purpose, reevaluating your overarching design choices could potentially yield more elegant and efficient solutions. Feel free to explore various strategies beyond the current scope for enhanced performance and maintainability.

Access the Playground link for live code experimentation and verification.

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