Is the TypeScript Callable interface unable to be called?

I am currently in the process of developing a customized version inspired by ts-optchain. The main goal is to create a functionality that produces a duplicate of the original object with specific modifications incorporated without altering the original object. The untouched areas of the object are referenced and copied over into the shallow copy operation using Object.assign(...).

The test I am working on validating is outlined below:

const example = { a: { b: { c: { d: 5 } } } };
const out = osc(example).a.b.c.d(6);
expect(out).to.be.deep.eq({ a: { b: { c: { d: 6 } } } });

... where osc (optional set chain) is the function designed to emulate the behavior of opt-chain's oc function.

I anticipate the outcome to be somewhat similar to

Object.assign({}, example, {a: Object.assign({}, example.a, {b: Object.assign({}, example.a.b, {c: Object.assign({}, example.a.b.c, {d: 6})})})});

The approach above can be cumbersome to write, read, and maintain. Hence the decision to develop this function.

The implementation

Here is my current attempt at creating this functionality:

// Code implementation goes here...

The issue at hand

However, I am encountering an error message stating:

osc(...).a.b.c.d is not a function
. This is where my confusion sets in. Upon returning from the functions osc (and _osc), the type is TSOSCType, extending the interface TSOSCDataSetter. The TSOSCDataSetter interface specifies that the object inheriting the interface is callable:

interface TSOSCDataSetter<R, T> {
  (value: Readonly<T>): Readonly<R>;
}

The returned value from both osc and _osc is a Proxy representing the type TSOSCType (similar to how ts-optchain operates). This Proxy object aids in constructing the chain and completing the object chain's typing. But more importantly, for this question, it implements the apply method:

apply: function (target, thisArg, args: [Readonly<V>]): Readonly<R> {
  return set_chain(args[0]);
}

Given this setup, why is the type TSOSCType not callable?

Answer №1

The root cause of this issue lies in the limited capability of Proxies to only be invoked around functions (and establish the apply trap). Your attempt to cast {} as TSOSCType<R, V> conceals the reality that what you are trying to achieve is unattainable during runtime, prompting TypeScript to have misplaced trust in your intentions.

By revising the statement to

function(){} as unknown as TSOSCType<R, V>
, it can function as intended without any issues.

Experience this firsthand in the Interactive Environment.

In cases where a runtime TypeError surfaces while using TypeScript, it typically indicates that TypeScript placed faith in you which was violated. The primary culprits behind such errors tend to be casts. Therefore, when encountering such issues, scrutinize your casts as they are likely the main suspects.

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