Ways to limit the access of an object's property using a variable?

Is there a method in TypeScript to restrict an object property, accessed dynamically using a variable, from containing undefined values?

The code snippet provided on the TS playground showcases this issue:

interface Dict {
  [k: string]: {
    prop?: number;
  };
}

const d: Dict = {};

let a = "item";
const b = a;
const c = "item";

if (d[a].prop) {
  d[a].prop++ // Nope
}

if (d[b].prop) {
  d[b].prop++ // Neither
}

if (d[c].prop) {
  d[c].prop++ // OK
}

This demonstrates how TypeScript throws errors when attempting to exclude undefined values while accessing dictionary/object values using variables or their copies. The scenario only works when constants are used with literal definitions.

What is the solution to overcome this behavior?

Answer №1

If you store the value of d[a] in a constant, you can easily check and reuse it like so:

const entry = d[a];
if (entry.prop) {
    entry.prop++; // This is allowed
}

Check out this code snippet in Playground

This approach works effectively even when the value of a is not constant because TypeScript recognizes that entry is constant and narrows down the variable entry.prop.

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